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'(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

I. KENTNOWSKI. STEAMENGINE.

No. 449,422. Patented Mar. 81,1891.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. KENTNOWSKI] STEAM ENGINE.

No. 449,422. Patented Mar. 31, 189-1.

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(N0 MOliGi.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. I. KENTNOWSKI. STEAM ENGINE No. 449,422; Patented Mar. 31, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT GEEIcE.

IlVAN KENTNOVVSKI, OF SOIIRAU, GERMANY.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,422, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed December 1, 1890. Serial No. 3'7 3 ,158.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IWAN KENTNowsKI, a subject of the German Emperonand a resident of the city of Sohrau, Silesia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a steam-engine the cylinder of which is divided into three compartments by a pair of diaphragms. Of

the three pistons working in these compartments the central one is actuated by full engine steam pressure and expansion, while the two outer pistons work both with 0011- r 5 densation and atmospheric pressure.

The invention consists in the various features of improvement, more fully pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of my improved steam-engine. Fig. 2 is an end view, and Fig. 3 a plan, of the same. Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal section through the cylinder, partly in side view; Fig. 5, a cross-section through the same 5 Fig. 6, a cross-section through the eccentric G; Fig. '7, a face view thereof; Fig. 8, a section through the condenser. Figs. 9 to 11 are side views of the eccentrics G G, showing the same in different positions.

The steam-cylinder A is open at both ends and is divided into three compartments by two diaphragms orpartitions B. In the three compartments three pistons mounted upon a common piston-rod O are moved backward and forward. The piston-rod C actnates the crank-shaft F of the machine by connectingrod F. The crank-shaft transmits its motion by means of bevel-gear D to the reversingshaft E, and also to the regulator.

On the reversing-shaft E two eccentrics G G are mounted, Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10, through which two upper and two lower rotary valves for steam-entrance and steam-exit are operated.

The rotary valves H II and J J are placed into two slide-boxes K and L, which are closed at the ends, and which are arranged, respectively, above and below the cylinder A. The

upper slide-box K is divided into three compartments by means of the prolongated diaphragms B of the cylinder A, while thelower slide-box L is divided into but two compartments by a central partition L. The rotary valvesH H and J J are mounted on the shafts K J which are actuated by pinions R R and racks S S, that in turn receive motion from eccentrics G i. At the beginning of the stroke thepistons and the rotary Valves are supposed to be in the position illustrated in Fig. 4. The steam entering through pipe M is led through the upper rear rotary valve H and port N behind the central piston and pushes the same forward, whereby the upper front and the lower rear rotary valves shut their respective ports N O of the central compartment, while by the lower front valve the central compartment is connected with the front compartment of the cylinder. The machine rotates at the same time the eccentrics G and G in the direction indicated by the arrows, Fig. 9, which eccentrics are here shown just when so placing the valves. If new the lifter W of the eccentric G bears against the inner lifter W, Fig. 10, it causes, by means of the rack S and pinion R, a closing of the port N by the upper rear rotary valve, in consequence of which the steam is cut off from behind the piston. This is done before the central piston has finished its stroke, for which reason the steam will Work now only as expansion-steam, whereby the eccentric G lets the lowerfront valve remain in its position. During the first stroke, after the starting of the machine, no further effect is exercised by the steam. Supposing, however, the abovedescribed stroke would be the second stroke, then the steam expanded in front of the central piston would be pressed behind the front piston, when the central piston is pushed forward. At the same time the front compartment of the cylinder is con nected behind its piston with one or two condensers, which condense the expansion-steam so that it is brought to a very low atmospheric pressure. This connection is eifected by means of the valve P and tube Q, also by the lower front valve and tube Q. When the central piston has reached the end of its stroke, the eccentrics have assumed the position illustrated in Fig. 11, whereby the upper rear valve and the lower front valves have closed the ports N and P. The front valve causes an entering of the steam in front of the central piston, while by means of the lower rear valve the expanded and utilized steam is led in front of the piston of the rear compartments by ports 0 O. The tubes Q and Q therefore connect simultaneously the rear compartment of the cylinder with the condensers. The full engine-steam acts now upon the central rearwardly-moving piston, while besides in the same direction the outer atmospheric pressure can press with a certain force the front piston into the front compartment, which has become air-free in consequence of the condensation. After the central piston has reached a certain point of its stroke the engine-steam is cut off, as heretofore described, and the steam-expansion in the central compartment begins to act till the piston has arrived at the end of its stroke. Then the reversal of the distributingvalve motion follows. The central piston is again pushed forward with full engine-steam pressure, while the rear piston is propelled by the atmospheric pressure. In this way the motion is repeated. As regards the particular arrangements of the eccentrics G 11, they are each provided with an eccentric-sheave, the working edge of which consists of a smaller and of a larger semicircle. A surrounding strap has two forked pair of gabs W WV, which are directed inwardly and slide on the eccentrio-sheave. The eccentric for the steam admission and for the cutting off of the steam is, moreover, provided with a nose Wand with a movable lifter V which is mounted on the periphery of the eccentric-sheave and by means of which the cutting off of the steam for the expansion is effected. The expansion begins earlier or later, according to the position of the lifter on the sheave. The reversing-shaft E operates the regulator by means of bevel-gear. On the vertical shafts of the regulator a sloping cylinder T, with wedge and groove, is mounted, which follows the up-anddown movement of the regulator. Thus the throttle-valve V is displaced in the steamadmission bore according to the speed of the machine by means of the rod U, which encircles the sloping cylinder T.

The condenser, Fig. 8, consists of a quadrangular case, into which the exhaust-steam out of the cylinder is led from above and the refrigerant is led from below. The latter mounts in the perforated tube X and along the perforated side walls Y and enters through the perforations as a fine spray into the condenser, while the condensed water escapes through the pipe Z.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. The combination of an open cylinder having two partitions with a triple piston, divided boxes K L, and rotary valves within such boxes, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of an open divided cylinder with a triple piston, boXesK L, valves H J within said boxes. and with the eccentrics G G, racks S S, pinions R R, and rods K J? for actuating said valves, substantially as specified.

The combination of an open divided cylinder with a triple piston, boxes K L, valves H J, eccentrics Gr G, having gabs W NV and a lifter IV and with racks S S, )inions R It, and rods K J 2 for actuating the valves, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I hereunto sign my name, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 5th day of November, 1890.

IWAN KENTNOWSKL Witnesse HUGO SIEGEUL, VILLIAM, I-I. MUssELMAN. 

